Liquid-fuel burner



- D. KOUDRITSKY LIQUID FUEL BURNER Original Filed Sept. 18, 1926. a Sheets-Sheet 1 D. KOUDRITSKY LIQUID FUEL BURNER Original Filed Sept. 18, 1926 3 Shee ts-Sheet 2 D. KOUDRITSKY LIQUID FUEL BURNER I Original Filed Sept. 18, 1926 3 sh ts-sheet s Patented Oct. 2, 1928.

- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DIMITBI KOUDRITSKY, OF CHARLEROI, BELGIUM.

LIQUID-FUEL BURNER.

Application filed September 18, 1926, Serial No. 136,279, and in Belgium September 24, 1925. Renewed August 22, 1928.

My present invention consists in various improvements in the burners for liquid fuel intended to be applied to metallurgic and the like furnaces, steam boilers of locomotives and the like industrial appliances, of the kind comprising a central fuel nozzle surrounded by two outer relatively adjustable nozzles, one of which cooperates with the fuel nozzle so as to deliver an annular stream of primary air at an intersecting angle in relation to the annular stream. of fuel, said primary air nozzle being concentrically surrounded by a second adjustable nozzle 1ntended to provide the secondary air required for the combustion proper of the fuel duly atomized by the primary air jet.

One characteristic feature of the inven-- tion consists in that the liquid fuel proceeding under a pressure of two to three metres of a water column enters a fuel chamber into which projects the one end of a tubular nozzle member within which is slidably fitted a regulating spindle provided at its periphery with longitudinal grooves through which 28' the liquid from the fuel chamber proceeds to a flared nozzle from which it is discharged in the shape of a thin hollow cone and is intersected by a primary compressed air current discharged from an inwardly narrow- 0 mg nozzle, whereby a thorough atomizing of the liquid fuel is obtained.

A further improvement consists in a particular regulating device of the secondaryor combustion air duct, in view of producing as within the furnace an oxidizing, a reducing or a neutral atmosphere.

A still further improvement consists in the insertion of a regulating register provided on the compressed main air duct, which is intended to remain fully open during the working and to be closed after the .working, so that the various fuel and air regulating devices of the burner proper remain in their adjusted position during the non working of the furnace.

A still further improvement consists in the particular arrangement for instantaneously removing from the burner the members of the latter being most exposed to sooting up or to deposits, such as the central fuel liquid conveying tube and nozzle, the fuel recipient and the like.

These and other improvements will be described in the following description, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section of theburner with its combustion chamber on line ABC of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal axial plan view of the burner with its combustion chamber.

Fig. 3 is an elevation of the combustion chamber.

' Fig. is a side view of the burner and combustion chamber.

Fig. 5 is a horizontal, section through the combustion chamber on line DE of Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 shows on a larger scale'a portion of the fuel conveying device from the fuel chamber to the atomizing space.

The burner comprises the following members or parts:

The mixin (for liquid fuel and air) and combustion c amber designated by 1.

The atomizingchamber designated by 2. The secondary air space and the regulatmg member 3.

The primary air conduit 5.

The nozzle 6 of-the primary air conduit 5.

The liquid fuel chamber 7 The central tube 8 of the supply of liquid fuel.

The frustum of a cone in the end of a spindle 12 forming the liquid fuel regulating valve The seat 10 on the tube 8 for the valve 9.

The spindle 12 actuating the liquid fuel regulating discharge'valve 9 and operated by a milled knob 13. a

The sleeve 14, connecting the upper portion of thehollow support or upright 16 forming the compressed air duct, to the burner and the-register 17 horizontally slidable in said support and by means of which air is supplied when wholly open, for providing the primary and secondary air to the burner durln the working of the furnace and closed w en the furnace is not, in use, this register dispensing with any repeated adjusting of the various air regulating 100 burner for the longitudinal grooves, provided on the periphcompressed air proceeding cry of the regulating spindle 12 (Fig. 6) and then to the discharge valve 9, which is of frusto conical shape.

Upon turning the regulating spindle 12 of the discharge valve 9 by means of the milled knob 13, the fuel isdischarged between the valve 9 and its seat, in the shape of a hollow sheet of flaring conical form into the atomizing space 1, where it is intersected at a suitable angle b the primary rom the main air duct 16 and discharged from the duct 5 provided at its end with an inwardly tapering nozzle 6, whereby the atomizing of the fuel is obtained in said space 1.

This primary air, together with the secondary air is supplied at a pressure of 200 to 300 millimetres water column by means of a fan.

The mixing and combustion chamber is deconnectable from the furnace proper, so

v that said parts may be repaired independthe burner wall portion of space 2 and is.

integral with a hand wheel 3 by means of which the annular discharge opening of the secondary air may be regulated, in order to provide the required amount of secondary air for producing, within the crucible of the fililrnace an oxidizing or a reducing atmosp ere.

The secondary air enters the space 2 where it intersects at a desired angle, the atomized liquid fuel, thus completing the atomizing and causing a thorough commingling of air and fuel in the combustion chamber (1).

The said atomized stream of liquid fuel flows into the space 1 and the combustion chamber 1 of the burner, at a suitable angle and tangentially to the walls of sa1d chamready for ignition, impinges upon the wallof the combustion chamber and has imparted to it a swirling or gyratory movement with the result that it will be thoroughly com-' mingled with air in such a way that a perfectly complete combustion of the fuel will take place.

Such burning mixture will leave the combustion chamber l and enter the furnace through the port 20 (Fig. 4) provided in the fireproof lining of the combustion chamber 1 of the burner.

Said port is made of suitable shape in order that the flame is directed into the furnace in the desired direction and brought into contact with the parts of the furnace {which it is desired to heat more particuar y.

The damper 17 is used only to completely open or close the passage of the whole quantity of air supplied by the fan.

The damper being once open, the quantity of primary air will always remain constant and the proportion of secondary air may be regulated by operating the nozzle portion 4 through the intermediary of the member 3, so that the desired nature of flame, either oxidizing, neutral or reducing,

may be obtained within the furnace.

The liquid fuel cook 18 serves only to completely open and close the supply of the fuel at the beginning and at the end of the work. The amount of liquid fuel may be perfectly adjusted inside the burner by means of the milled wheel 13 and the regulating spindle'12, actuating the discharge valve 9, which thus may be moved axially and cause the passing amount of fuel to be increased or decreased.

The amount of air and fuel being once adjusted for a given working combustion. it

2. It produces a perfect mixture of fuel I 1 and air with a supply of air at low pressure at its several working conditions.

3. The uantities of fuel and air are instantly ad ustable independently from each other and with great accuracy.

4. It will produce complete and homogeneous combustion and permit of readily and easily varying the working conditions and characters (reducing, neutral or oxidizing).

5. In comparison with existing burners, it will save considerable fuel and be applicable to any kind of furnaces, stationary or movable furnaces, boilers and the like, to which it may be applied very easily.

In order to quickly clean during the working of the furnace, the parts most liable to sooting up, i. e. the chamber 7 and the tube 8, the valve 18 is-disconnected and the memher 8 is unscrewed from the conduit 5 and carries with it the members 7, 8, 9, 10, 12 and 13, these members can. then be disassembled and easily cleaned.

Having now fully described my said invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: x

1. A liquid fuel burner intended to be applied to metallurgic and the like furnaces, steam boilers of locomotives and the like industrial appliances, comprising a hollow column or standard for supporting the burner proper and through which air under pressure is forwarded to the burner, an air admission valve on said hollow column, a li uid fuel chamber secured on top of said cdlumn, a regulable duct for conveying the liquid fuel under pressure from an upper fuel. tank to said chamber, a central tubular member projecting by one of its ends into said fuel chamber, a liquid fuel regulating spindle slidably fitting said tubular member, means for operating said fuel regulating spindle, a flaring conic frustum fuel dischar 'ng valve at the end of said spindle and tting theflaring nozzle of the said tubular member, longitudinal grooves on the outer periphery of said spindle, through which grooves the liquid fuel under pressure is forwarded from the fuel chamber to the said discharge valve, a primary not adjustable air duct surrounding the said tubular member and forwarding compressed air proceeding from the said hollow column, an inwardl narrowing nozzle member at the end of said primary compressed air duct for discharging an annular air current intersecting and atomizing the liquid fuel dischargedv in shape of a conic frustum sheet between the said conic valve at the end of the spindle and the concentrically disposed flaring nozzle of said tubular member, a secondary or combustion compressed air duct concentrically surrounding the first or primary a1r atomizing duct and forwarding the air for the full combustion of the atomized fuel, means for regulating the delivery of said secondary compressed air current, a combustion chamber, and an inclined duct connecting the said atomizing pressure is forwarded to the burner, an air admission valve on said hollow column, a liquid fuel chamber secured on top. of said column, a regulable duct for conveying the liquid fuel under pressure from an upper fuel tank to said chamber, a central tubular member projecting by one of its ,ends into j said fuel chamber, a liquid fuel regulating spindle slidably fitting said tubular member, means for operating. said fuel regulating spindle, a flaring conic frustum fuel dis 0 arging valve at the end of said spindle and fitting the flaring nozzle of the said tubular member, longitudinal grooves on the outer periphery of said spindle, through which grooves the liquid fuel under pressure is forwarded fromthe fuel chamber to the said discharge valve, a primary not adjustable air duct surrounding the said tubular member and forwarding'compressed air proceeding from the said hollow column, an inward narrowing nozzle member at the end of said primary compressed air duct for discharging an annular air current intersecting and atomizing the liquid fuel discharged in shape of a conic frustum sheet between the said conic valve at the end of the spindle and the spindle and the concentrically di"- posed flaring nozzle of said tubular member, a secondary or combustion compressed air duct concentrically surrounding the first or primary duct and forwarding the air for the full combustionv of the atomized fuel, said secondary compressed air duct comprising a fixed cylindrical portion opening in the main 'or common compressed air conveying column and a nozzle portion, both portions being to ether at their adjacent ends;

a handwheel mtegral with the nozzle ortion, for adjusting the delivery section 0 the secondary compressed air current according to the requirements, a combustion chamber;

and an inclined duct connecting the sai space with said combustion chamber.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

DIMITRI KOUDRITSKY. 

